Jane Eyre Essay Example for Free

Jane Eyre Essay The novel Jane Eyre was originally published in London, England in 1847 by Smith, Elder Co. The early editions of the novel were given the subtitle An Autobiography and named Currer Bell as the editor, not the author. The subtitle was dropped in subsequent editions of the novel. During the days when the novel was published, it was popularly believed that men and women had different duties and responsibilities. Women were encouraged to be devoted and submissive to their husbands. The ideal woman was passive, charming, self-sacrificing and pure. Jane Eyre and other works of the Charlotte and her sisters were centred around the lives of protagonists who did not conform to these societal ideals. Thus, in order to hide their true identities and genders, the three Bronte sisters published their works under pseudonyms. These were Acton Bell (Anne Bronte), Ellis Bell (Emily Bronte) and Currer Bell (Charlotte Bronte). Despite its immediate popularity, Jane Eyre was condemned by its earliest critics as anti-Christian. These negative reviews can be attributed to the generally rebellious tone of the novel. Through the description of the protagonist’s life, including those related to her social status and matters of the heart, the reader is presented with several social and political issues. The novel questions society’s view of women, the importance of the arts and the basis of a solid marriage. Based on the standards of the society in the days when the novel was first published, Jane Eyre as a character lead an immoral life. Jane fell in love and lusted after a married man, was proposed to by her cousin, and describes a clergymen as hypocritical and greedy. The novel is written in such a manner that the reader empathizes with Jane, and in doing so, leads the reader to question his or her beliefs. The novel is also explicitly anti-Christian in that Jane questions the existence and importance of God. During her days at Lowood, Jane’s close friend, Helen Burns contracts tuberculosis. On her deathbed, Helen calmly reassures Jane that by dying young, she is escaping great sufferings, and will go to God. Jane remains sceptical, and asks, â€Å"Where is God? What is God? † In the same conversation, Jane questions the existence of heaven and the ability of people to enter it. Using contemporary standards, these questions might be considered by some to be normal and even healthy. However, in the context of the society during the time when the novel was first published, such comments would have been considered as blasphemous and grossly immoral. Critics who believed that the novel was in fact an autobiography were correct. Although the life of the character Jane Eyre is not identical to that of the author Charlotte Bronte, there are obvious parallels. For example, while attending Lowood School, one of Jane’s closest friends dies of consumption. Similarly, while attending school at Cowan Bridge, Jane’s sisters died of the same illness. This coincidence drew comparisons between the fictional headmaster of Lowood whom Jane denounces as insincere and deceitful, and Charlotte’s own former headmaster who ran Cowan Bridge. Another parallel can be drawn between the character of John Reed and Charlotte’s brother Branwell, because both men suffered from alcoholism. Perhaps the most obvious similarity between the novel and the author’s life is the fact that both Jane and Charlotte were governesses. In accepting Jane Eyre as the true adventures of its heroine and by branding the novel as anti-Christian, early critics were correct. Due to similarities in the personal life of Charlotte Bronte and the experiences of Jane Eyre, it can be inferred that the novel is an autobiography. Based on the standards of society during the time it was first published, the rebellious tone and the manner in which the novel questioned respected social institutions, the novel can be considered as anti-Christian.

Getting Back To Basics :: essays research papers

Getting Back to Basics In earliest times primitive people made contact with the outside world through the same five senses used by people today. They could hear the sounds of animals, see objects, feel the rain on their faces, smell the fragrance of wild flowers, and taste berries and other foods. Primitive people also expressed their feelings through art and dance. The cave paintings in Lascaux, France, which were drawn some 27,000 years ago, depicted animals of the time. Do these images show Paleolithic man’s continuity with nature? It is not known whether these pictures had a methodical, or a magical or religious purpose; however, they did show that primitive people had both a need and a talent for self-expression. In Suzi Gablik’s book, Conversations before the End of Time, Gablik touches base with several artists analyzing the discontinuity between man and nature, nature and art, and art and man. During interviews with each artist, philosophical questions arise, such as what is art for (Ellen Dissanayake), are humans really at the apex of the pyramid (Christopher Manes), and can mankind survive without modern technological civilization (Rachel Dutton and Rob Olds)? Links between ecology, psychology, and art are explored, and the consensus among the artists states that mankind needs to change how we live with the earth by getting back to the basics. What is Art For? & Making Art About Centipedes If you were to ask Ellen Dissanayake what is art for, she would reply that art is â€Å"making special.† Dissanayake believes that humans, since the beginning, have been attracted to objects that were ‘extraordinary or special’, and ‘make special things’ to show that we care and have regard for those things. Most importantly, â€Å"art is for everyone and not solely for an elite group of artists in the art world.† Upon first reading this article, I agreed with Dissanayake, however after rereading, I discovered that there was some hypocrisy in what she was saying. Initially, Dissanayake created a solid argument on why art is important to man, why we create art, and to whom art is created. However, when linking this to the importance that man must â€Å"realize that we cannot go on living in ways that are so mechanical, materialistic and hard on the environment (Dissanayake, p.54), Dissanayake separated man into a Darwinist view of nature, and m an’s superiority over it. In my opinion, this view is the reason man is disconnected with nature.

Causes of World War 1

The Causes of World War I World War I is essentially much more complicated and complex than a simple list of causes. While there was a series of events that directly led to the fighting, the actual origin causes are much deeper and a part of continual debate and discussion. Ultimately, countries all over Europe made joint defense agreements that would pull them into battle. Therefore, if one country was attacked, allied countries were bound to defend them. Before World War 1, the following alliances existed: * Russia and Serbia. * Germany and Austria-Hungary. France and Russia. * Britain and France and Belgium. * Japan and Britain. Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia, in which Russia got involved in to defend Serbia. Germany, seeing Russia rallying, declared war on Russia. France was then drawn in against Germany and Austria-Hungary. Germany attacked France through Belgium, pulling Britain into war. Then Japan entered the war. Afterwards, Italy and the United States would enter on the side of the allies. Imperialism is when a country boosts their power and wealth by bringing additional territories under their control.Before World War I, Africa and parts of Asia were points of controversy amongst the European countries. This was particularly true because of the raw resources these areas could provide. The growing competition and want for greater empires led to an increase in disagreement that helped press on the world into World War I. As the world got into the 20th century, an arms race had begun. By 1914, Germany had the greatest increase in military buildup. Great Britain and Germany both greatly increased their navies in this time period.Further, in Germany and Russia particularly, the military establishment began to have a greater influence on public policy. This increase in militarism helped push the countries involved to war. Much of the origin of the war was based on the desire of the Slavic peoples in Bosnia and Herzegovina to no longer be part of Au stria-Hungary, but instead be part of Serbia. In this way, nationalism led directly to the War. But in a more general way, the nationalism of the various countries throughout Europe contributed not only to the beginning but the extension of the war in Europe. Each country tried to prove their dominance and power.The instantaneous cause of World War I that made all the aforementioned items come into play (alliances, imperialism, militarism, nationalism) was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary. In June 1914, a Serbian nationalist assassinated him and his wife while they were in Sarajevo, Bosnia which was part of Austria-Hungary. This was in objection to Austria-Hungary having control of this region. Serbia wanted to take over Bosnia and Herzegovina. This assassination led to Austria-Hungary declaring war on Serbia. When Russia began to gather together due to its alliance with Serbia, Germany declared war on Russia.Thus began the expansion of the war to inc lude all those involved in the mutual defense alliances. Works Cited: * Beck, Roger B. World History: Patterns of Interaction. Evanston, IL: McDougal Littell, 2005. Print. * Duffy, Michael. â€Å"Firstworldwar. com. †Ã‚  First World War. com. 22 Aug. 2009. Web. 22 May 2012. . * â€Å"World War One – Causes. †Ã‚  Causes of World War One. Historyonthenet. Web. 22 May 2012. . * â€Å"What Really Caused World War 1? †Ã‚  WW1. Web. 22 May 2012. . Causes of World War 1 The Causes of World War I World War I is essentially much more complicated and complex than a simple list of causes. While there was a series of events that directly led to the fighting, the actual origin causes are much deeper and a part of continual debate and discussion. Ultimately, countries all over Europe made joint defense agreements that would pull them into battle. Therefore, if one country was attacked, allied countries were bound to defend them. Before World War 1, the following alliances existed: * Russia and Serbia. * Germany and Austria-Hungary. France and Russia. * Britain and France and Belgium. * Japan and Britain. Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia, in which Russia got involved in to defend Serbia. Germany, seeing Russia rallying, declared war on Russia. France was then drawn in against Germany and Austria-Hungary. Germany attacked France through Belgium, pulling Britain into war. Then Japan entered the war. Afterwards, Italy and the United States would enter on the side of the allies. Imperialism is when a country boosts their power and wealth by bringing additional territories under their control.Before World War I, Africa and parts of Asia were points of controversy amongst the European countries. This was particularly true because of the raw resources these areas could provide. The growing competition and want for greater empires led to an increase in disagreement that helped press on the world into World War I. As the world got into the 20th century, an arms race had begun. By 1914, Germany had the greatest increase in military buildup. Great Britain and Germany both greatly increased their navies in this time period.Further, in Germany and Russia particularly, the military establishment began to have a greater influence on public policy. This increase in militarism helped push the countries involved to war. Much of the origin of the war was based on the desire of the Slavic peoples in Bosnia and Herzegovina to no longer be part of Au stria-Hungary, but instead be part of Serbia. In this way, nationalism led directly to the War. But in a more general way, the nationalism of the various countries throughout Europe contributed not only to the beginning but the extension of the war in Europe. Each country tried to prove their dominance and power.The instantaneous cause of World War I that made all the aforementioned items come into play (alliances, imperialism, militarism, nationalism) was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary. In June 1914, a Serbian nationalist assassinated him and his wife while they were in Sarajevo, Bosnia which was part of Austria-Hungary. This was in objection to Austria-Hungary having control of this region. Serbia wanted to take over Bosnia and Herzegovina. This assassination led to Austria-Hungary declaring war on Serbia. When Russia began to gather together due to its alliance with Serbia, Germany declared war on Russia.Thus began the expansion of the war to inc lude all those involved in the mutual defense alliances. Works Cited: * Beck, Roger B. World History: Patterns of Interaction. Evanston, IL: McDougal Littell, 2005. Print. * Duffy, Michael. â€Å"Firstworldwar. com. †Ã‚  First World War. com. 22 Aug. 2009. Web. 22 May 2012. . * â€Å"World War One – Causes. †Ã‚  Causes of World War One. Historyonthenet. Web. 22 May 2012. . * â€Å"What Really Caused World War 1? †Ã‚  WW1. Web. 22 May 2012. .

There Will Come Soft Rains Story Analysis

American writer Ray Bradbury (1920 to 2012) was one of the most popular and prolific fantasy  and science fiction writers of the 20th century. He is probably best known for his novel, but he also wrote hundreds of short stories, several of which have been adapted for film and television. First published in 1950, There Will Come Soft Rains is a futuristic story that follows the activities of an automated house after its human residents have been obliterated, most likely by a nuclear weapon. The Influence of Sara Teasdale The story takes its title from a poem by Sara Teasdale (1884 to 1933). In her poem There Will Come Soft Rains, Teasdale envisions an idyllic post-apocalyptic world in which nature continues peacefully, beautifully, and indifferently after the extinction of humankind. The poem is told in gentle, rhyming couplets. Teasdale uses alliteration liberally. For example, robins wear feathery fire and are whistling their whims. The effect of both the rhymes and the alliteration is smooth and peaceful. Positive words like soft, shimmering, and singing further emphasize the sense of rebirth and peacefulness in the poem. Contrast With Teasdale Teasdales poem was published in 1920. Bradburys story, in contrast, was published five years after the atomic devastation of Hiroshima and Nagasaki at the end of World War II. Where Teasdale has circling swallows, singing frogs, and whistling robins, Bradbury offers lonely foxes and whining cats, as well as the emaciated family dog, covered with sores, which ran wildly in circles, biting at its tail, spun in a circle and died. In his story, animals fare no better than humans. Bradburys only survivors are imitations of nature: robotic cleaning mice, aluminum roaches and iron crickets, and the colorful exotic animals projected onto the glass walls of the childrens nursery. He uses words like afraid, empty, emptiness, hissing, and echoing, to create a cold, ominous feeling that is the opposite of Teasdales poem. In Teasdales poem, no element of nature would notice or care whether humans were gone. But almost everything in Bradburys story is human-made and seems irrelevant in the absence of people. As Bradbury writes: The house was an altar with ten thousand attendants, big, small, servicing, attending, in choirs. But the gods had gone away, and the ritual of the religion continued senselessly, uselessly. Meals are prepared but not eaten. Bridge games are set up, but no one plays them. Martinis are made but not drunk. Poems are read, but theres no one to listen. The story is full of automated voices recounting times and dates that are meaningless without a human presence. The Unseen Horror As in a Greek tragedy, the real horror of Bradburys story remains offstage. Bradbury tells us directly that the city has been reduced to rubble and exhibits a radioactive glow at night. Instead of describing the moment of the explosion, he shows us a wall charred black except where the paint remains intact in the shape of a woman picking flowers, a man mowing the lawn, and two children tossing a ball. These four people were presumably the family who lived in the house. We see their silhouettes frozen in a happy moment in the normal paint of the house. Bradbury does not bother describing what must have happened to them.  It is implied by the charred wall. The clock ticks relentlessly, and the house keeps moving through its normal routines. Every hour that passes magnifies the permanence of the familys absence. They will never again enjoy a happy moment in their yard. They will never again participate in any of the regular activities of their home life. The Use of Surrogates Perhaps the pronounced way in which Bradbury conveys the unseen horror of the nuclear explosion is through surrogates. One surrogate is the dog who dies and is unceremoniously disposed of in the incinerator by the mechanical cleaning mice. Its death seems painful, lonely and most importantly, unmourned. Given the silhouettes on the charred wall, the family, too, seems to have been incinerated, and because the destruction of the city appears complete, there is no one left  to mourn them.   At the end of the story, the house itself becomes  personified and thus serves as another surrogate for human suffering. It dies a gruesome death, echoing what must have befallen humanity yet not showing it to us directly.   At first, this parallel seems to sneak up on readers. When Bradbury writes, At ten oclock the house began to die, it might initially seem that the house is simply dying down for the night. After all, everything else it does has been completely systematic. So it might catch a reader off guard when the house truly starts to die. The houses desire to save itself, combined with the cacophony of dying voices, certainly evokes human suffering. In a particularly disturbing description, Bradbury writes: The house shuddered, oak bone on bone, its bared skeleton cringing from the heat, its wire, its nerves revealed as if a surgeon had torn the skin off to let the red veins and capillaries quiver in the scalded air. The parallel with the human body is almost complete here: bones, skeleton, nerves, skin, veins, capillaries. The destruction of the personified house allows readers to feel the extraordinary sadness and intensity of the situation, whereas a graphic description of the death of a human being might simply make readers  recoil in horror. Time and Timelessness When Bradburys story was first published, it was set in the year 1985. Later versions have updated the year to 2026 and 2057. The story is not meant to be a specific prediction about the future, but rather to show a possibility that, at any time, could lie just around the corner.

How War Transforms A Person Essay - 1083 Words

â€Å"One day you are having lunch with some guys from another unit, trading stories about home and what you’re gonna do when you get back to the world. And then the next day they’re dead† writes Afghanistan veteran and retired US Army Corporal Eric Porter. He goes on to describe how war transforms a person, â€Å"Your view of the world changes, you have seen and done things no other person in the world would understand besides you and your fellow brothers at war† (Personal Communication, October 20, 2016). With great frequency, one encounters a veteran wearing a baseball cap that says â€Å"Vietnam Veteran†. A sullen, bearded face or a bright eyed warrior with wrinkles that tell friends’ death stories— each veteran must learn to process and cope with what he has seen. Violence destroys sanity in every war, but it is not the only culprit. Each major modern American conflict had its own calling card, an individual characteristic that in itself could cause nightmares, but when coupled with violence, irreversibly alters minds. In World War I, it was the trenches, an unsanitary formidable enemy of both sides. In World War II, it was the concentration camps, bastions for sub-human treatment of those a deranged leader viewed as inferior. In Vietnam, it was the jungle, and the various problems associated with guerilla warfare in such a diverse and unforgiving habitat. In his fictional piece The Things They Carried, Vietnam Veteran Tim O’brien uses stories to illustrate the realities of war.Show MoreRelatedHobbes View Of Human Nature1495 Words   |  6 Pageshuman nature is not pessimistic. Firstly, this argument will be supported by an explanation of some of Hobbes’ theoretical assumptions, which reveal his stance on human nature. 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He focuses on perceptive writing English literature to transparent during world war II in Japan. Its presented his work through writing a short story, novelist, screenwriter and role in playwriting have been an admirer existentialism theme. In his fiction eachRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem My Words From The Village Of Chamounix : Performing Transgender Rage 1251 Words   |  6 PagesAbove the Village of Chamounix: Performing Transgender Rage†, Stryker creates an intimate linkage between Frankenstein’s monster and the transsexual body. Like Frankenstein, a transsexual person owns an â€Å"unnatural† body and an identit y defined completely by medical practice. And like Frankenstein, a transsexual person encounters countless challenges, discrimination, and hatred from normal people. 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An Interview With Personal Statement - 1139 Words

I. IDENTIFYING DATA: Name, age, sex, race, marital status, educational level, employment, referring source. James Richard is a 16 years old male, white American, single, still in high school, and living in a foster care home. He was referred by school, due to some mental challenges and the sources of information was through an interview with client. II. CHIEF COMPLAINT: In patient s words, why did patient come to treatment? I don’t even know why am sent here, am no longer staying with my grandmother and I told the lady that I will control my anger issue. So you feel the anger issues made them to send you here? Client: Yes, I was arrested for assault on a household member, because I fought with my grandmother’s husband. III. HISTORY OF THE PROBLEM: Onset, frequency, under what circumstances does it occur. Intensity variation, what are the emotional components? What are the somatic components? Client came to treatment due to his anger issues and suicidal attempts, he can become explosively angry and aggressive towards others. CYFD took custody of James in February 2016, after he was arrested for assault on a household member. He reported that he got into a fight with his grandmother’s husband. He was held in a juvenile detention center and upon release, there was no parents available to pick him up. His grandmother refused to take him back. Thus CYFD was contacted. 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Witchcraft In Hollywood (1886 words) Essay Example For Students

Witchcraft In Hollywood (1886 words) Essay Witchcraft In HollywoodHollywood provides falsified informationIt is said by many that Hollywood is persuasive. People see something on television or in a motion picture and believe that what is shown is, in reality, true. Misconceptions will occur, and unless people are shown evidence against the delusions, it will be taken as fact. In the past, many groups have been poorly represented onscreen. Organizations such as the Mafia, the government, the military, spies, gods, monsters, and others are just a small example of those prejudiced. Since the misconceptions have occurred, much of the truth has come through for those mentioned. However, one topic that is repeatedly misrepresented in Hollywood is the practice of the Craft, more commonly known as witchcraft or Wicca according to Jeffrey Mann (personal communication, April 14, 1999). Witchcraft has been shown onscreen as evil, black magick, rather than a faith, and most people see spells cast by wiggling the nose or pointing a finger to be valid of the ?witchcraft fable (1997, Bewitched online). Is witchcraft a true, spiritual religion, and if so, are people willing to tolerate it? Many are uninformed of the religious aspect of the Craft, and those that are, believe it to be false or wrong according to Jeffrey Mann (personal communication, April 14, 1999). In todays society, religious tolerance of different groups of people or cultures is extremely important. By understanding and accepting the differences of real versus imaginary using witchcraft as the prime example, people will be able to see these groups as part of actual society and not just a fictitious, magickal portrayal in entertainment such as Bewitched, Charmed, Sabrina the Teenage Witch, and The Craft. Hollywoods portrayal of witchcraft in movies and shows is invalid. Now on reruns, the television show, Bewitched, was once very popular. Samantha and Tabitha are shown casting spells nearly every other minute of the half-hour (1997, Bewitched online). The show brought forth a revival of the knowledge of witchcraft. In history, before Christianity, Paganism was a primary religion in Europe. Witchcraft is a form of Paganism, just as Wicca, Shamanism, and others are. When the Christian religion was being formed, many Pagan beliefs were still used (1998, A witches overview of Wicca online). The Pagan tradition of Yule, the winter solstice holiday, was to bring a live tree into the house and decorate it with food, balls, and a star on top to protect the household from the evil spirits (Adler, 1997). In the past century, a man named Gerald Gardener came forth with his ancestors religious practice that has been passed down generation after generation called Paganism. He began bringing forth the Wiccan movement to modern witches according to Jeffrey Mann (p ersonal communication, April 14, 1999). Bewitched was made in the midst of the sort of ?coming out of all that was practiced. Romanticizing witchcraft started with Bewitched, and from then on, a new fetish of shows and movies had begun. The Warner Brothers Network recently aired a new hour-long show featuring three sisters who have just discovered their witchy powers (see attached graphic one of Charmed sisters). They are referred to as the ?Charmed Ones, which are the most powerful of a long line of good witches. Their mission is to protect the innocent against all evil (1999, Charmed online). The show features many distinct realities of witchcraft. The show refers to the Book of Shadows, which is a book of memoirs, spells, thoughts, and goals, which must be handwritten and personal to that witch (1998, A witches overview of Wicca). The three sisters use this book for casting spells against evil, which is the basis for entertainment on the show. Freezing time, traveling to the past or future, and evaporating monsters are just some of the sisters outlandish powers (1999, Charmed online). Religion has no part in the hour that the sisters are fighting the darkness. Witchcraft, in reality, has no ?natural witches as im plied in Charmed. Having ?power is a belief that comes from within your soul, not from genetics (Valiente, 1998). The power of spells to witches is like the power of prayers to Christians. If Charmed was based on three Christian sisters, the show would be primarily about how they pray and have immediate and obvious results according to Jenn Vinson (personal communication, April 13, 1999). Clearly, both concepts are not accurate. Praying in all religions has results personal to that worshipper, just as casting a spell is to a witch (1998, A witches overview of Wicca online). It is implied that spells are the most important part of witchcraft, which is false. Casting a spell is not necessary to be a witch; many witches are solitary and chose to practice without the use of spells (1999, Pagan Organization of MIT). Although Charmed uses many of witches tools for spells, and practice, its accuracy is severely skewed in the portrayal of the religion of Wicca, or witchcraft. Sabrina the Te enage Witch is a childrens show aired by ABC on Friday nights hotspot. A high school student, named Sabrina, uses her magick to cause more blunders than not. Although sophomoric, the show does not focus on evil, darkness, or the devil. Sabrina must keep her practice a secret; neither her boyfriend nor her best friend knows the truth (1998, A review?of the show Sabrina). Keeping her Craft a secret is the entertainment along with turning the school bully, Libby, into frogs and other animals. In reality, many that practice Wicca are secretive (Valiente, 1998). It is not because of shame, but rather that others do not understand. Nothing is meant to be harmful, however, many unforgiving people in this world condemn for a religion they know little about (Valiente, 1998). For example, it is said that witches worship the devil. This is not only ridiculous, but also wrong (Adler, 1997). Witches believe that God is everything and everywhere, just not merely a distinct entity. All Gods and Go ddesses are one God, and by calling him a different name than other religious followers do will neither make him angry or damning. Witchcraft is moral and ethical, which nearly all religions are based upon (1998, A witches overview of Wicca). Sabrina is a good student, niece, and friend who chooses a different spiritual path to follow (1998, A review?of the show Sabrina). Although Sabrina the Teenage Witch is cute and humorous, religion has little if no part in the show, unlike some more adult portrayals. .u7ab16bdf5ea08a5b9e9f4eefae795776 , .u7ab16bdf5ea08a5b9e9f4eefae795776 .postImageUrl , .u7ab16bdf5ea08a5b9e9f4eefae795776 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7ab16bdf5ea08a5b9e9f4eefae795776 , .u7ab16bdf5ea08a5b9e9f4eefae795776:hover , .u7ab16bdf5ea08a5b9e9f4eefae795776:visited , .u7ab16bdf5ea08a5b9e9f4eefae795776:active { border:0!important; } .u7ab16bdf5ea08a5b9e9f4eefae795776 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7ab16bdf5ea08a5b9e9f4eefae795776 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7ab16bdf5ea08a5b9e9f4eefae795776:active , .u7ab16bdf5ea08a5b9e9f4eefae795776:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7ab16bdf5ea08a5b9e9f4eefae795776 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7ab16bdf5ea08a5b9e9f4eefae795776 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7ab16bdf5ea08a5b9e9f4eefae795776 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7ab16bdf5ea08a5b9e9f4eefae795776 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7ab16bdf5ea08a5b9e9f4eefae795776:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7ab16bdf5ea08a5b9e9f4eefae795776 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7ab16bdf5ea08a5b9e9f4eefae795776 .u7ab16bdf5ea08a5b9e9f4eefae795776-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7ab16bdf5ea08a5b9e9f4eefae795776:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Harrison Bergeron EssayThe focus of evil in the motion picture, The Craft of Columbia Pictures, is the leading misconception of the film (Fleming, 1996). By far the most accurate in the portrayal of the Wiccan religion, the movie follows the beliefs of four high school girls that have discovered the Craft according to Jenn Vinson (personal interview, April 13, 1999). Using all religious tools such as the pentacle (see attached graphic two of the witches protection symbolizing earth, air, fire, water, and spirit) in their practice, the girls focus on practicing the nature religion. Experimenting with spells, reading materials, and keeping personal Book of Shadows, The Craft keeps reality in check. The four girls attend a Christian school, while not so secretly believing something else, which occurs with many young witches. Until Nancy, one of the witches turns evil, and Sarah, another witch, discovers her ?natural power, the movie is almost a perfect example of witchcraft (Fleming, 1996). By focusing on one of the girls in the circle being evil, the truth of witchcraft is altered. Darkness is the focus of the second half of the movie, scaring viewers to believe that this evil occurs in all witches. Murder and evil spells are focused upon leading the watcher to be frightful of the Craft and condemning of the religion. All religions have followers that give it a bad name. Some Christians can be found starting cults, clans, and general mayhem. Of course, these ?bad apples are not the true followers of the religion. The Crafts evil character, Nancy, can be thought of as one psycho in a good religion which is, like The Clan, a very small proportion of the believers. Questioning the true meaning of WiccaClearly, the religion of Wicca is extraordinarily twisted as portrayed in Hollywood. After seeing a movie, is a typical reaction what is witchcraft (see attached graphic three)? Or do people accept what they are shown? What can be done about this problem? There is one solution: education. Teaching people that witchcraft is not fictitious or evil will bring forth an influx of understanding according to Jeff Mann (personal communication, April 14, 1999). Some churches teach that Wicca is a devil religion that should only be regarded a cult. Realizing that religious tolerance and religious belief are two separate entities will alleviate the problem of a taboo denomination. Many believe that by viewing witchcraft as a religion, they are condoning the practice. Therefore, people look upon it as little more than magick and will never consider witchcraft to be of any God in fear of their own practices sins (Adler, 1997). If Hollywood released a film about a true follower of Wicca and not a romanticized version, would it sell? That is one way to have an audience understand the true meaning of witchcraft without the witchy power jargon to ?spice it up. Being educated about religions not only makes us more tolerant, understanding, and open, it also awakens us to other cultures, countries, and ethnicitys philosophies. Unless the masses are educated that witchcraft is indeed a spiritual religion, the misconceptions will continue (Adler, 1997). Loving and/or Accepting Witches There are many different religions in this world. America itself is a melting pot of ethnicity and diversity. What other country could so readily accept assorted beliefs than the ?home of the free? Religious persecution, emotional or physical, will be a past phenomenon. First, all people must be considered a part of societys whole. When all members of each religion can see the other as equal, all men shall then, and only then, be created equally. When vi ewing a movie or show, it is necessary to understand that the magick portrayed is imaginary. Think about it: black pointy hats, black cats, and brooms are symbols of the myth of witchcraft, just as clouds and fire are representations of Christianity in movies. Understanding that distinction will lead to understanding witchcraft as a true religion and not a fanciful fable. Tolerating Without Condemning WitchcraftPeople in this world are fast to judge. Because the entertainment industry portrays witchcraft in a spell casting, dark, evil way that is what people are likely to believe witchcraft is. It is not some made-up magick, but rather a faith that has been stretched to fascinate people (1999, Pagan Organization of MIT). It is not make-believe, but a real and true religion. ?Paganism is an affirmation of the beauty and sacredness of life on this earth, and of our unity with it? (1999, Pagan Organization of MIT). By understanding and accepting that one religion will look to Mecca, wh ile another prays to God, and another worships Buddha, society will be tolerant and more open minded. Hollywood glamorizes, and people are fast to trust it. Through witchcraft, it can easily be seen that people are quick to believe Hollywood is Religion Essays